Which structure protects the brain and spinal cord?

The meninges are the protective membranes that cover the brain and spinal cord. They consist of three layers: the dura mater, the arachnoid mater, and the pia mater. These layers serve several critical functions, such as providing a barrier against physical impacts and pathogens, helping to contain and circulate cerebrospinal fluid, which cushions the central nervous system. The meninges are essential for maintaining the overall health and function of the brain and spinal cord, making them the primary structure dedicated to their protection.

In contrast, while skin serves as the body's first line of defense against environmental threats, it does not specifically protect the brain and spinal cord. Skeletal muscles support movement and posture but have no protective role for these central nervous system components. Cartilage provides cushioning for joints and structural support but does not serve as a protective layer for the brain and spinal cord. This highlights the unique protective role of the meninges in the anatomy of the central nervous system.