Which organ is involved in the regulation of blood sugar levels?

The pancreas plays a crucial role in the regulation of blood sugar levels. It produces hormones, most notably insulin and glucagon, that are essential in managing glucose levels in the bloodstream. When blood sugar levels rise, such as after eating, the pancreas secretes insulin to facilitate the uptake of glucose by cells for energy or storage. Conversely, when blood sugar levels drop, the pancreas releases glucagon, which prompts the liver to release stored glucose back into the bloodstream. This balancing act helps maintain homeostasis and ensures that the body has a consistent supply of energy.

In contrast, while the liver does contribute to glucose regulation through processes like gluconeogenesis and glycogen storage, it does so in response to signals from the pancreas rather than independently regulating blood sugar. The kidneys are primarily involved in filtering blood and maintaining fluid and electrolyte balance, whereas the spleen focuses on immune function and blood filtration, making them less relevant in blood sugar regulation compared to the pancreas.