What is the name for the study of body structure?

The study of body structure is referred to as anatomy. Anatomy involves examining the physical structure of organisms, including their internal systems and external forms. This field can encompass various aspects, such as gross anatomy, which looks at structures visible to the naked eye, and microscopic anatomy, which focuses on structures that require magnification to be seen.

In the context of this question, anatomy is fundamentally concerned with the "what" of body structures—what they are, where they are located, and how they relate to each other within the body. Understanding anatomy serves as a crucial foundation for further studies in areas like physiology, which is the study of how these structures function, and other related fields, highlighting the close relationship between structure and function in the body.

Histology, while related, specifically deals with the microscopic structure of tissues, and biomechanics pertains to the mechanics of body movement rather than directly studying the structure itself. Physiology, conversely, concentrates on the functioning of the body systems rather than their anatomical composition. Thus, anatomy is the most accurate term for the study of body structure.