How many pairs of ribs do humans have?

Humans have twelve pairs of ribs, which is a standard anatomical feature. These ribs are categorized into several groups: the first seven pairs are known as true ribs, which are directly attached to the sternum via costal cartilage. The next three pairs, known as false ribs, do not attach directly to the sternum but instead connect to the cartilage of the seventh rib. The last two pairs are termed floating ribs, as they do not attach to the sternum at all. This arrangement plays a crucial role in protecting vital organs in the thoracic cavity, such as the heart and lungs, while also allowing for flexibility and movement during breathing. Understanding the structure and organization of the rib cage is essential for comprehending respiratory function and the overall anatomy of the thorax.